The effect of foliar application of zinc oxide nanoparticles and Moringa oleifera leaf extract on growth, biochemical parameters and in promoting salt stress tolerance in faba bean

Salinity is major abiotic stress limiting plant growth worldwide. Plant adaptation to salinity involves diverse physiological and metabolic pathways. In this study, we assessed the effects of foliar application zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) Moringa leaf extract (MLE) on salt tolerance in faba beans (cultivar, Sakha 4). Morphological, chemical, biochemical parameters plants grown under saline condition (50 100 mM NaCl) were 60 days after sowing. Salt caused a remarkable reduction traits, photosynthetic pigments, proline, minerals, total phenol, enzyme activity bean variety. The results showed that spraying MLE ZnONPs salt-stressed conditions promoted (that is, shoot length, numbers leaves, relative water content, shoot, roots fresh dry weights), pigments chl a, b, chlorophyll carotenoids), mineral elements (Na+, K+, Ca+2, Zn+2), phenol (POX, PPO, APX, CAT) compared control plants. Based these findings, potential may help alleviate negative effect growth, photosynthesis efficiency, properties bean.   Key words: Faba bean, oleifera, antioxidant activity, ZnO nanoparticles, stress, proline.